The flow battery realizes the mutual conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy through the reversible redox reaction (that is, the reversible change of the valence state) of the active materials in the positive and negative electrolyte solutions. During charging, the oxidation reaction of the positive electrode increases the valence of the active material, and the reduction reaction of the negative electrode reduces the valence of the active material, and the discharge process is the opposite. Different from general solid-state batteries, the positive and (or) negative electrolyte solutions of flow batteries are stored in storage tanks outside the battery, and are transported to the inside of the battery through pumps and pipelines for reaction.
